Kartini was born into a Javanese noble family when Java was part of the Dutch East Indies colony. Kartini's father, Sosroningrat, became the police chief of Jepara. Kartini's father was originally Mayong's bupati. His mother, Ngasirah is Madirono's daughter and a religious teacher in Telukawur. He was his first wife but not the most important. At this time, polygamy is a common practice among nobles. He also wrote a Letter from the Javanese Princess. The colonial rule requires a District Head to marry a member of the nobility. Since Ngasirah was not a high enough nobleman, his father married for the second time with Woerjan (Moerjam), the direct descendant of King Madura. After this second marriage, Kartini's father was appointed to the Jepara Chapel, succeeding his second second father, Tjitrowikromo.
Kartini is the fifth and second eldest daughter in a family of eleven, including her half sister. He was born into a family with a strong intellectual tradition. His grandfather, Prince Ario Tjondronegoro IV, became Chief of Police at the age of 25, while Kartini Sosrokartono's older sister was an accomplished linguist. The Kartini family allowed her to go to school until she was 12 years old. Here, among other things, he learned to speak Dutch, an unusual feat for Javanese women at the time. [4] After he was 12 years old, he was exiled (pingit) at home, a common practice among Javanese nobles, to prepare young girls for marriage. During the exile girls are not allowed to leave their parents' homes until they are married, at which time their top authority is transferred to their husbands. Kartini's father was softer than some moments of her daughter's exile, giving her privileges such as embroidery lessons and occasional public appearances for special events.
Letter by Kartini to Rosa Abendanon (fragment)
During his exile, Kartini continued to educate herself. Since he can speak Dutch, he gets some Dutch pen friends. One of them, a girl named Rosa Abendanon, became a close friend. European books, newspapers and magazines pay attention to Kartini's thinking in European feminist thinking, and foster a desire to improve the condition of indigenous Indonesian women, who at that time had very low social status.
Kartini's readings included the Semarang De Locomotief newspaper, edited by Pieter Brooshooft, and also the leestrommel, a set of magazines circulated by the bookstore to customers. He also read the cultural and scientific magazines as well as the Dutch women's magazine De Hollandsche Lelie, with which he began to make contributions issued. Before he was twenty he had read Max Havelaar and Love Letters by Multatuli. He also read De Stille Kracht (The Hidden Force) by Louis Couperus, by Frederik van Eeden, Augusta de Witt, Romantic-Feminist writer Goekoop de-Jong Van Eek and anti-war novel by Berta von Suttner, Die Waffen Nieder! (Lay Down Your Arms!). All speak Dutch.
Kartini's concerns are not only in the area of women's emancipation, but also other people's problems. Kartini sees that women's struggles for freedom, autonomy and equality of law are only part of a wider movement.
Kartini's parents arranged her marriage to Joyodiningrat, the head of the Rembang district, who already had three wives. She married on November 12, 1903. This was against Kartini's wishes, but she agreed to calm her ailing father. Her husband understood Kartini's purpose and allowed her to set up a school for women on the east terrace of the Rembang Regency Office complex. An only child Kartini was born on September 13, 1904. A few days later on September 17, 1904, Kartini died at the age of 25. She was buried in the village of Bulu, Rembang.
Inspired by R.A. Example Kartini, the Van Deventer family founded R.A. The Kartini Foundation built a school for women, 'Kartini School' in Semarang in 1912, followed by other female schools in Surabaya, Yogyakarta, Malang, Madiun, Cirebon and other areas.
Kartini Day Celebration in 1953
In 1964, President Soekarno declared R.A. Date of birth Kartini, 21 April, as 'Kartini Day' - Indonesian national holiday. This decision has been criticized. It has been proposed that Kartini Day should be celebrated simultaneously with Indonesian Mother's Day, on December 22, so the choice of R.A. Kartini as a national hero will not overshadow other women who, unlike R.A. Kartini, took up arms against the invaders.
On the contrary, those who recognize the importance of R.A. Kartini argued that not only was she a feminist who raised the status of women in Indonesia, she was also a nationalist figure, with new ideas, who fought on behalf of her people and played a role
Kartini is the fifth and second eldest daughter in a family of eleven, including her half sister. He was born into a family with a strong intellectual tradition. His grandfather, Prince Ario Tjondronegoro IV, became Chief of Police at the age of 25, while Kartini Sosrokartono's older sister was an accomplished linguist. The Kartini family allowed her to go to school until she was 12 years old. Here, among other things, he learned to speak Dutch, an unusual feat for Javanese women at the time. [4] After he was 12 years old, he was exiled (pingit) at home, a common practice among Javanese nobles, to prepare young girls for marriage. During the exile girls are not allowed to leave their parents' homes until they are married, at which time their top authority is transferred to their husbands. Kartini's father was softer than some moments of her daughter's exile, giving her privileges such as embroidery lessons and occasional public appearances for special events.
Letter by Kartini to Rosa Abendanon (fragment)
During his exile, Kartini continued to educate herself. Since he can speak Dutch, he gets some Dutch pen friends. One of them, a girl named Rosa Abendanon, became a close friend. European books, newspapers and magazines pay attention to Kartini's thinking in European feminist thinking, and foster a desire to improve the condition of indigenous Indonesian women, who at that time had very low social status.
Kartini's readings included the Semarang De Locomotief newspaper, edited by Pieter Brooshooft, and also the leestrommel, a set of magazines circulated by the bookstore to customers. He also read the cultural and scientific magazines as well as the Dutch women's magazine De Hollandsche Lelie, with which he began to make contributions issued. Before he was twenty he had read Max Havelaar and Love Letters by Multatuli. He also read De Stille Kracht (The Hidden Force) by Louis Couperus, by Frederik van Eeden, Augusta de Witt, Romantic-Feminist writer Goekoop de-Jong Van Eek and anti-war novel by Berta von Suttner, Die Waffen Nieder! (Lay Down Your Arms!). All speak Dutch.
Kartini's concerns are not only in the area of women's emancipation, but also other people's problems. Kartini sees that women's struggles for freedom, autonomy and equality of law are only part of a wider movement.
Kartini's parents arranged her marriage to Joyodiningrat, the head of the Rembang district, who already had three wives. She married on November 12, 1903. This was against Kartini's wishes, but she agreed to calm her ailing father. Her husband understood Kartini's purpose and allowed her to set up a school for women on the east terrace of the Rembang Regency Office complex. An only child Kartini was born on September 13, 1904. A few days later on September 17, 1904, Kartini died at the age of 25. She was buried in the village of Bulu, Rembang.
Inspired by R.A. Example Kartini, the Van Deventer family founded R.A. The Kartini Foundation built a school for women, 'Kartini School' in Semarang in 1912, followed by other female schools in Surabaya, Yogyakarta, Malang, Madiun, Cirebon and other areas.
Kartini Day Celebration in 1953
In 1964, President Soekarno declared R.A. Date of birth Kartini, 21 April, as 'Kartini Day' - Indonesian national holiday. This decision has been criticized. It has been proposed that Kartini Day should be celebrated simultaneously with Indonesian Mother's Day, on December 22, so the choice of R.A. Kartini as a national hero will not overshadow other women who, unlike R.A. Kartini, took up arms against the invaders.
On the contrary, those who recognize the importance of R.A. Kartini argued that not only was she a feminist who raised the status of women in Indonesia, she was also a nationalist figure, with new ideas, who fought on behalf of her people and played a role
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